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IT家庭网民：正确理解WiFi分类，购买合适的路由器_我的网站

一 | 随着有线宽带带宽的增加和移动设备数量的增加，WiFi路由器似乎逐渐成为降低网络速度的负担。

二 |     

    Newly produced vehicles fill a parking lot at a SAIC-GM industrial park in Wuhan, Central China's Hubei Province on July 10, 2022. Photo: VCG
Global automakers are forging deeper and longer-term ties with China, as the country's role evolves beyond a key market into an increasingly important hub for automotive research and development (R&D) and innovation.
SAIC Motor and General Motors (GM) signed an agreement on Wednesday to extend their joint venture partnership by 20 years to 2047. A month earlier, Honda Motor and GAC Group signed a strategic agreement to renew their joint venture (JV) partnership in GAC Honda, extending their cooperation to 2038 while keeping the existing equity structure unchanged.
The renewed commitments to China by global auto giants signal more than confidence in the long-term potential of the Chinese market. It reflects China's evolving role in the global auto industry, from a manufacturing base and sales market to an increasingly important source of innovation and technologies that shapes the future of mobility, Peng Bo, a research fellow at the Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation under the Ministry of Commerce, told the Global Times on Sunday.
Behind this shift is the rapid rise of new-energy vehicles (NEVs) and vehicle intelligence, as global competition increasingly centers on batteries, electric powertrains, intelligent driving, automation, software ecosystems and artificial intelligence (AI), Peng said.
From market to innovation
Chinese automakers have accelerated their expansion into global markets. According to the latest data from the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, China exported 5.096 million vehicles in the first half of the year, up 65.3 percent year-on-year, including 2.355 million NEVs, up 120 percent. In just a few decades, China's auto industry has evolved from learning from and introducing advanced foreign technologies into a major global force in automobile production, exports and innovation.
Such a picture would have been almost unimaginable several decades ago. At the time, China's auto industry was still in its early stages and lagged considerably behind global leaders.
In the 1980s, China began integrating into the global auto industry through the establishment of joint ventures. In 1984, Beijing Jeep, China's first Sino-foreign joint venture automaker, began operations, while Chinese and German partners signed the agreement for Shanghai Volkswagen. More global automakers from countries such as Germany, the US, Japan and France followed, bringing capital, technology, equipment and management expertise that helped accelerate China's auto industry development.
From annual auto production and sales of just over 1 million units in the mid-1990s, China saw the corresponding figures surpass 30 million units in 2025, ranking first globally for the 17th consecutive year. Auto exports also surged from just several thousand units to a record 7.098 million in 2025. 
These figures illustrate the profound transformation of China's auto industry, which has evolved from a latecomer learning from global peers to a major manufacturing powerhouse and increasingly a source of innovation for the global auto industry, experts said.
Chinese experts attributed China's auto rise to its increasingly strong innovation capabilities. Sun Xiaohong, former secretary-general of the automotive branch of the China Chamber of Commerce for Import and Export of Machinery and Electronic Products, told the Global Times on Sunday that the close integration of R&D, manufacturing and market application has enabled new technologies to move rapidly from laboratories to mass production, while intense market competition has further accelerated innovation and product iteration.
Latest figures tell the story. China has led the world in automobile patent publications over the past decade, far ahead of the US, Japan and European countries. Patent publications in the NEV sector increased from more than 50,000 in 2016 to over 110,000 in 2025, with an annual growth rate of 17.1 percent. Intelligent connected vehicle patent publications rose from 44,000 to 93,000 over the same period, averaging annual growth of 11.6 percent.
In addition to the R&D capabilities, China's complete and highly efficient supply chain strengthens its industrial edge. The International Energy Agency estimates that battery electric car production costs are over 30 percent lower in China than in advanced economies, mainly attributed to lower battery cost and supply chain.
China's technology company Xiaomi only launched its first EV in 2024, but has quickly emerged as a major player in China's NEV market. Its strategy connects cars with smartphones, apps and smart home devices is creating a more integrated ecosystem. At Xiaomi's EV factory on the outskirts of Beijing, a new car rolls off the production line every 76 seconds on average.
Chinese automaker NIO's Hefei factory is known for its highly intelligent and automated manufacturing, using more than 700 robots and achieving an overall automation rate of 97.5 percent.
BYD's EVs can add 20 kilometers of range in just 10 seconds of charging and up to 400 kilometers in five minutes.
"These examples reflect a broader shift in China's auto industry, where strengths in advanced manufacturing, supply chains, software, AI and rapid technology commercialization are increasingly translating into a competitive edge," said Sun.
Cooperation not competition
The rapid transformation of China's auto industry has put growing pressure on some global auto giants. Honda CEO and President Toshihiro Mibe reportedly said after visiting an auto supplier factory in Shanghai, "We have no chance against this," Nikkei Asia reports.
Ola Kallenius, chairman of the board of management of Mercedes-Benz Group AG, told Chinese media that "In the world's most dynamic automotive market, you have to be here, and we're doubling down on China," People's Daily reported.
"Many major global automakers remain constrained by their long-standing reliance on traditional gasoline vehicles... Although they are pushing ahead with electrification, established technology systems, production networks and traditional development models have slowed," Jia Xinguang, an auto industry analyst, told the Global Times.
By contrast, China's auto industry has made a broad shift toward new technologies, building strengths across the industrial chain and establishing a mature and increasingly self-reliant core technology system, Jia said.
Against this backdrop, foreign automakers' approach to cooperation with China is changing. 
Toyota's evolving China strategy provides a telling example. At the 2026 Beijing auto show, Toyota unveiled its "with China, for China" localization strategy, giving Chinese teams a greater role in management, R&D and product development, the Global Times learned from the Japanese company.
Toyota has expanded its China chief engineer team from four to seven, covering gasoline, hybrid and EVs across different segments. It is also empowering local management and deepening co-creation with Chinese partners to make development faster, according to the company.
A similar shift can be seen at Tesla, whose Shanghai Gigafactory is not only a major global production base, but also a key part of its global supply chain and product development. In the first half of 2026, the factory delivered nearly 468,000 vehicles, up 28.4 percent year-on-year. The Model Y L, led by Tesla's China team in design and development and manufactured in China, is also being rolled out in markets including the US, UAE, South Korea, Japan, Singapore and Australia, according to a press release that the company shared with the Global Times on Friday.
Foreign auto parts suppliers are also stepping up innovation in China. Bosch plans to invest more than 2.5 billion euros in AI development by the end of 2027, with much of its automotive-related AI work focused on China and Europe, the Xinhua News Agency reported.
Amid mounting challenges, China-foreign auto joint ventures are taking a long-term approach and actively reshaping their product strategies, R&D models and cooperation frameworks, Xinhua reported, citing Bi Wenquan, an executive vice president of FAW Toyota Motor Co.
These developments point to a broader shift: China's role for global automakers is expanding from "Made in China" to "R&D in China" and "innovation in China," making win-win cooperation increasingly important, said Sun.
For global automakers seeking to stay competitive in the next wave of industry transformation, turning competition into greater opportunities for cooperation with Chinese companies is increasingly becoming an "imperative" rather than an "option," said Sun.
As John Roth, GM senior vice president and president of GM China, said the renewed partnership "reflects the shared confidence of GM and SAIC in SAIC-GM and its long-term growth potential."
"It is not only about continuing what we have built together. More importantly, it is about building a more competitive, resilient, and sustainable business for the future," Roth said.
。我相信大多数家庭仍然使用100元的路由器，如TP-Link、Mercury等几十种路由器，它们一般只支持单通道802.11ac/80MHz协议，即只有433.3Mbps。也许有人会说他们有这么大的带宽，对我来说一定足够了。家里只有100米。事实上，这个带宽是路由器5G下的总带宽。当然，如果你家里只有一两台设备使用WiFi上网，那当然没问题。

三 | 但是多个设备同时访问因特网呢？在这里，我们首先需要普及一些关于WiFi协议的知识。第一个是mimo，第二个是mu-mimo，第三个是qam，第四个是频宽。MIMO也是一种多通道技术，它依靠物理覆盖来增加带宽。最明显的是天线的增加。

四 | MU-MIMO是MIMO技术的升级版本。它支持并发性，这意味着数据可以同时与多个设备并发。

五 | （如果不支持MU-MIMO，路由器和设备都必须同时支持它。）QAM也称为正交幅度调制。为了节省时间，我们到底能去谷歌做些什么，这并不是太多的介绍。我只想简单介绍一下，在802.11n模式下，它们都是64QAM，在AC模式下升级到256QAM/1024QAM时，QAM越高，数据量越大。

六 | （前提也是需要设备支持。

七 | 目前，大多数手机只支持256QAM，少数手机支持1024QAM）。频宽指的是带宽，而不是2.4和5g的WiFi频率范围，例如在5g AC下，最常用的带宽是80MHz，AC Wave2可以支持160MHz（同样需要设备支持也可以同时使用）。接下来，根据以上几点，我推荐几种不同价格的路由器：2x2mimo ac/80mhz/256qam可以支持866.6Mbps，这个带宽也是最常用的，因为大部分的手机wifi支持2x2mimo。

八 | 支持这种带宽的路由器大约100-300元，更便宜，更经济。然而，需要指出的是，这种路由器支持MIMO，但不支持MU-MIMO技术，也不支持IPv6协议。例如，TP-Link的TL-WDR5620支持2.4G和5G（300M 866M）的2x2Mimo，目前售价约115元。有更高需求和预算的朋友可以选择配置更高的3x3mmo路由器。3x3mimo的AC/80MHz/256QAM可以支持1300Mbps。这种路由器部分支持MU-MIMO。

九 | 如果你看到商品页面显示1750米/1900米，那么带宽基本上是3x3毫米的路由器。哦，是的，买路由器时不要看天线的数量。真是假的。因为路由器的天线是单天线和双频的，有些是单频率和单线的。单频和单线路由器自然似乎有更多的天线，但它们是无用的。如果你需要IPv6协议，你可以看到华硕网络的路由器。

十 | 例如，R6400支持2x2mimo 2.4g和3x3mmimo 5g（450m 13000 m），目前售价约500元。更高的预算允许您选择更好的R7000，它也属于3x3车型。与R6400不同，R7000的2.4G和5G都是3x3mmimo，所以总带宽是（600m，1300m）。在这里，我将重点介绍华硕RT-AC86U，它是这个价格段中的一个特殊路由器，折扣价约700元，支持3x3和MU-MIMO。最重要的是，这是该价格段中唯一支持1024QAM的路由器，因此它可以用3x3的IMO实现4x4的IMO带宽。

十一 | 当然，高端路由器的4x4mimo标准是提供设备支持。这些路由器基本上支持MU-MIMO，大多数高端路由器支持1024QAM。

十二 | 4x4mimo/80mhz/1024qam，如支持1024qam的ASUS RT-AC88U 4x4mimo 2.4G和5G（1000M 2167M），目前售价约1300元。此外，Netware R7800还支持256QAM 4x4mmo2.4G和5G（800m 1730M），目前售价约为1100元。

十三 | 当然，4x4mimo是AC协议的最高配置，路由器制造商升级的产品是4x4mix4mox2。也就是说，同时使用两个4x4mmo 5g频率。例如，ASUS RT-AC5300 WiFi的总带宽为5300Mbps，支持1024QAM。除了2.4 G的1 Gbps带宽外，5 G带宽还剩下4.3 G bps。这4.3Gbps必须除以2，因为这台路由器使用4x4mimo x2，两个5G频率的WiFi，带宽与88U相同，2167Mbps。如果你家里有足够的设备，当然也可以买这个，但前提是它是一个沟渠，目前售价约1700元。

十四 | 到目前为止，802.11ac路由器已经推出，从2x2mimo到4x4mu-mimo和1024qam，这都是目前AC 5G的配置。当然，802.11ac wave2在技术上还远远没有被引入，但是由于很少有路由器支持更高的级别，我们就到此为止。接下来，我将向您展示新一代WiFi技术802.11ad和802.11ax。802.11ad或60GHz WiFi。它依靠拉频来提高带宽。目前，R9000可以达到4x4mimo/256qam 4600Mbps。这种路由器的带宽确实很吓人，但缺点也很明显，即信号衰减。即使有人站在路由器前面，您的设备也可能无法接收信号源。目前，广告路由器的价格高达4000元。

十五 | 就个人而言，802.11ad在未来没有市场。

十六 | 与其他802.11ax相比，802.11ax没有优势。802.11ax，也称为第六代WiFi技术。为什么我说802.11ax比广告好？第一个原因是ax兼容2.4和5g的频率，并且在低频下达到与ad相当的带宽。第二个问题是AX支持1024QAM 160MHz带宽，在移动设备上更容易实现，特别是与奇霍的60GHz相比。第三个AX支持LTE的OFDMA技术，具有更高的网络质量和更低的网络延迟。

十七 | 第四个AX可以达到8x8mimo，带宽自然更高。在相同的MIMO数目下，光学160MHz和1024QAM的带宽是AC的两倍，这是第一次。

十八 | 2x2的起始频率是2167 Mbps，4x4 mimo可以达到4804 Mbps！目前市场上唯一的wifi6是ax路由器：asus rog gt-ax1000支持4x4mu-mimo 2.45g频率，也可以作为ac和ax协议。总带宽达到了惊人的11 Gbps，这当然是2.4 G ac ax三个频率的带宽。

十九 | 目前，价格是5500元，足够的战壕朋友可以奢侈一个哟，至少站五年不是问题！最后，我将附加一些常见的带宽：802.11n 64qamm1x1mimo:20MHz/72Mbps 40MHz/72Mbps 40MHz/150Mbps2x2mimo:20MHz/150MHz/150Mbps 40MHz/150Mbps 40MHz/150Mbps 40MHz/150Mbps 40MHz/150Mbps 40MHz/150Mbps 40MHz/150Mbps 40MHz/150Mbps 40MHz/150Mbps 40MHz/300Mbps 40MHz/300MbS3x3mimo:40MHz/450 Mbps 4x4mimo:40MHz/600MHz/600Mbps802.11ac256qamqammqammmmm2x2mimo:80MHz/866mHz/866mHz/866Mbps/866mBPS3x3mimo:80MHz/80 MHz/80 MHz/80 MHz/11摄氏度1024qam3x3mimo:80MHz/1733mbps4x4mimo:80MHz/2167mbps802.11ad 6 4qam1x1mimo 2160MHz/7000Mbps 802.11ax 1024qam4x4mimo 160MHz/4804Mbps 8x8mimo 160MHz/9608Mbps。

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Published on:17:40:35